Common use
Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic from the fluoroquinolone class, used to treat various bacterial infections. It is effective against infections of the urinary tract, respiratory system, skin, bones, and gastrointestinal tract. The medication works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase, an enzyme essential for bacterial replication. It is not effective against viral infections like the common cold or flu.

Dosage and direction
Ciprofloxacin is typically taken orally or administered intravenously, depending on the type and severity of the infection. The usual oral dose ranges from 250 mg to 750 mg twice daily. It should be taken with a full glass of water and at least 2 hours before or after taking antacids or supplements containing calcium, magnesium, or iron. Always complete the full course prescribed, even if symptoms improve early.

Precautions
Inform your doctor if you have a history of tendon problems, seizures, or kidney disease before starting ciprofloxacin. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, as the drug may increase photosensitivity. Use with caution in elderly patients, especially those taking corticosteroids. Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness, so avoid driving or using machinery if affected.

Contraindications
Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones. It should not be used in children or adolescents unless absolutely necessary due to risks of joint and tendon issues. The medication is also not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding unless the benefits clearly outweigh the risks. It should not be used concurrently with tizanidine due to serious interactions.

Possible side effect
Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headache, and dizziness. Some patients may experience abdominal discomfort or a metallic taste in the mouth. Rare but serious effects include tendon rupture, nerve damage, or mood changes. Seek medical help if you notice signs of allergic reaction, irregular heartbeat, or severe joint pain.

Drug interaction
Ciprofloxacin may interact with antacids, multivitamins, or dairy products, which can reduce its absorption. It can also interact with blood thinners (e.g., warfarin), antiarrhythmic drugs, and certain antidepressants. Combining ciprofloxacin with tizanidine is contraindicated due to the risk of dangerously low blood pressure. Inform your doctor of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it is nearly time for the next one. Do not take two doses at once. Skipping doses or stopping treatment early can lead to bacterial resistance. Follow your prescribed dosing schedule closely.

Overdose
An overdose of ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness, nausea, confusion, seizures, or kidney dysfunction. Immediate medical attention is required in such cases. There is no specific antidote, so treatment is supportive and symptom-based. Dialysis is not effective in removing the drug from the body.

Storage
Store ciprofloxacin at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct sunlight. Keep the tablets in their original packaging and out of reach of children. Do not use the medication after the expiration date. Follow local disposal guidelines for unused medicine.

Disclaimer

We provide only general information about medications which does not cover all directions, possible drug integrations, or precautions. Information at the site cannot be used for self-treatment and self-diagnosis. Any specific instructions for a particular patient should be agreed with your health care adviser or doctor in charge of the case. We disclaim reliability of this information and mistakes it could contain. We are not responsible for any direct, indirect, special or other indirect damage as a result of any use of the information on this site and also for consequences of self-treatment.